10 Things You Should Know About Gender in Spanish

Here are 10 facts about Spanish gender that will be useful as you learn the language: 1. Gender is a way of classifying nouns into two categories. Spanish nouns are masculine or feminine, although there are a few that are ambiguous, meaning that Spanish speakers are inconsistent in which gender is applied to them. Also, some nouns, particularly those that refer to people, can be masculine or feminine depending on whether they refer to a male or female, respectively. The grammatical significance of gender is that adjectives  and articles referring to nouns must be of the same gender as the nouns they refer to. 2. Spanish also has a neuter gender that applies to one definite article and a few pronouns. By using the definite article lo, it is possible to make an adjective function as if it were a neuter noun. The neuter pronouns generally are used to refer to ideas or concepts rather than to things or people. They can also be used to things whose identities arent known, as in  ¿Quà © es eso? for What is that? 3. Except when referring to people and some animals, the gender of a noun is arbitrary. Thus, things associated with females can be masculine (for example, un vestido, a dress). And things associated with males (for example, virilidad, masculinity) can be feminine. In other words, there is no way to predict a nouns gender from its meaning. For example, silla and mesa (chair and table, respectively) are feminine, but taburete and sofà ¡ (stool and couch) are masculine. 4. Although feminine words as a general rule refer to females, and masculine words to females, it is possible to do the opposite. The words for man and woman, hombre and mujer, respectively, are the gender youd expect, as are words for girl and boy, chica and chico. But it is important to remember that the gender of a noun attaches to the word itself rather than to what it refers. So persona, the word for person, is feminine regardless of who it refers to, and the word for baby, bebà ©, is masculine. 5. Spanish grammar has a preference for the masculine gender. The masculine might be considered the default gender. Where masculine and feminine forms of a word exist, it is the masculine that is listed in dictionaries. Also, new words that enter the language are typically masculine unless theres a reason to treat the word otherwise. For example, the imported English words marketing, suà ©ter (sweater), and sà ¡ndwich are all masculine. Web, referring to a computer network, is feminine, probably because it as a shortened form of pà ¡gina web (web page), and pà ¡gina is feminine. 6. Many words have separate masculine and feminine forms. Most if not all of these are used for referring to people or animals. In most cases for singular nouns and adjectives, the feminine form is made by adding an a to the masculine form or changing an ending e or o to a. A few examples: amigo (male friend), amiga (female friend)profesor (male teacher), profesora (female teacher)sirviente (male servant), sirvienta (female servant) A few words have irregular differences: tigre (male tiger), tigresa (female tiger)rey (king), reina (queen)actor (actor), actriz (actress)toro (bull), vaca (cow) 7. There are a few exceptions to the rule that words ending in o are masculine and many exceptions to the rule that words ending in a are feminine. Among the feminine o words are mano (hand), foto (photo), and disco (disco). Among the masculine a words are numerous words of Greek origin such as dilema (dilemma), drama, tema (subject), and holograma (hologram). Also, many a words that refer to occupations or types of people — among them atleta (athlete), hipà ³crita (hypocrite), and dentista (dentist) — can be either masculine or feminine. 8. As the culture in which Spanish is spoken changes, so is the way the language treats gender as it applies to people. For example, at one time la doctora almost always referred to a doctors wife, and la jueza referred to the wife of the judge. But these days, those same terms usually mean a female doctor and judge, respectively. Also, it is becoming more common to use terms such as la doctor (rather than la doctora) and la juez (rather than la jueza) when referring to female professionals. 9. The masculine form is used to refer to mixed groups of males and females. Thus, depending on the context, los muchachos can mean either the children or the boys. Las muchachas can refer only to the girls. Even padres (padre is the word for father) can refer to parents, not just fathers. However, the use of both masculine and feminine forms — such as muchachos y muchachas for boys and girls rather than just muchachos — is growing more common. 10. In colloquial written Spanish, it is becoming more common to use as a way of indicating that a word can refer to either males of females. In traditional Spanish, if you were writing a letter to a group of friends, you might open with the masculine form, Queridos amigos, for Dear friends even if your friends are of both sexes. Some writers these days would use Querids amigs instead. Note that the at symbol, known as the arroba in Spanish, looks something like a combination of an a and an o.

Native Tribes Free Essays

Cormac McCarthy’s â€Å"Blood Meridian† deals with racism in the form of The Judge’s attitude toward the orphans, the tangible efforts of the gang to be more savage, and even in the Kid’s role in the border skirmishes between the American settlers, the Native Americans and Mexicans living along the border. In a novel that some have called the greatest American novel since â€Å"Moby Dick†, McCarthy discusses racism on an inherent level, making people examine the historical context and the situation itself. Remarkably, the novel has a lasting appeal as a commentary on the way Americans address their southern neighbors even today. We will write a custom essay sample on Native Tribes or any similar topic only for you Order Now The first evidence of racism the book offers is in the Judge’s attitude towards the orphans. The Judge is a pedophile, raping the orphans and then killing them or having them killed to hide his indiscretion. In his mind, the Judge justifies his actions with the thought that many of the children in the orphanage are half-breeds and somehow therefore less important than people who are purely Caucasian. In his mind, the Judge and others who look after the orphans, even as wantonly as the Judge does, are doing their Christian duty and providing for children that are otherwise unwanted. In this way, the book takes a hard and accurate look at the racism that was prevalent in the West regarding children descended from Native Americans and Europeans. The children were dismissed by white society as half savage and by the Native populations because they often represented the humiliation of one of the women of the tribe—either voluntarily or involuntarily. To some extent, these children were more accepted in the Native populations when their parents were both accepted by the tribe, but even then they were mostly second class citizens. The next evidence of racism and its extreme application comes from the Gang. Though the gang is composed of outlaws of Caucasian and Native descent, as a means of instilling terror in their victims, the gang resorts to scalping those they killed. As history demonstrates, only a very small number of Native Tribes took scalps as counting coup, but the stereotype of the novel and of the gang members was that Injun’s took scalps and that would make people more afraid of them. It is also interesting to note that primary targets of the gang were settlers coming up from Mexico or those of Hispanic descent. The stereotype that the Mexican were outlaws or lazy ot somehow second-class citizens is prevalent in the novel. Perhaps equally interesting in the long-term is the prejudice within the Hispanic/Mexican/Chicano community itself. Even now, those who are descendents of the Spanish Conquistadors are sometimes offended by being identified as Mexicans, whom they identify as those of mixed blood between the conquistadors and the Native American people of Central America. However, Chicanos in Southern California would be equally offended by being called a Hispanic as they take pride in their connection to Mexico. The fact that this racism persists to this day is both interesting and depressing at the same time. The simple reality of Cormac McCarthy’s novel is that it portrays an evil man attempting to justify his actions via racism and a gang of thugs using racism to make themselves seem bigger and badder than they are, when in truth murder should have been enough. McCarthy’s ability to capture the tenor and reality of the racism without pandering to it does make this a novel worth reading. How to cite Native Tribes, Papers

Effect of War on Civilians and Soldiers Essay Example For Students

Effect of War on Civilians and Soldiers Essay Abstract War is an ever present, controversial part of human society. With its pros and cons, pro-war and anti-war can both easily be debated. This report will examine the positive and negative effects to get a more open view of war. This topic is relevant with the current civil conflict occurring in Syria. The question that will be answered is whether war is more beneficial or detrimental. Through research, it is difficult to conclude whether war was a positive aspect of society, as it helps achieve goals, resolve conflict and advance technology. But, based on personal beliefs and extensive esearch of both the negative and positive effects of war on societies and individuals, it was concluded that war is detrimental. This means that societies should be inclined to avoid armed conflict, and search for alternatives. Key Words War, veterans, effect on soldiers, effect on civilians, post traumatic stress disorder, benefits of war, negative effects of war, civilian abuse, economy, disaster. Effects of War on Soldiers and Civilians War and violence have been a part of the world for as long as civilization can be traced back. In the past war was used primarily to gain and protect territory, but easons have expanded to include catalysts such as the economy and national power and pride. The long-term effects of war can be positive, for example stopping Hitlers Nazi Germany model from expanding further than it already had, but is it worth the deaths, injuries and psychological trauma caused by those fghting the war? Often forgotten in the war are the innocent civilians affected. These civilians may face less long lasting negative effects, and these could potentially be used to help diffuse the current tension in Syria (van Gelder). Although war can have benefits, these enefits are overshadowed by the tremendous negative effects on soldiers and civilians. The Good War Can Bring War has continuously been present in human society; this is because it frequently works towards a goal. In early Roman society, war was found to help countries become and stay more powerful. The Civil War helped abolish slaver and World Wars One and Two were both successful in stopping Germany and their allies. Also, WWII helped the world arise from its severe depression. Armed conflict is often sparked by a country demanding more freedom, and this freedom has successfully been granted time and time again. Within countries, war can also achieve greater minority rights. Underprivileged minority groups who have contributed to war efforts have been rewarded with expanded rights (Saldin). From the battlefields, war also has been known to bring medical and technological advances to the world. For example, Roman societies first started creating road systems for the purpose of war. Throughout different wars, modern weaponry such as tanks, drones and fighter Jets were created during wartimes, although these do not assist peaceful societies. Some technological developments have been brought back from war and have changed ociety, including advances in automobiles, air traffic control and even sanitary napkins (Sohn). The wars have also brought medical advances to regular society. Specifically, the civil war brought advances such as the influence to ambulances, pain management, and anesthesia (Sohn). In later wars, medical advancements like blood transfusions and antibiotics were manufactured. These wartime advancements could have been made in times of peace, they were made sooner because of war. There is no denying that war has had some positive effect on the world, but the negatives are far greater. These negative effects are reflected on the soldiers who fght in the wars. Effect on Those Who Fight Soldiers are revered by their countries for the nobility of fighting for their country. Most people comprehend the atrocities that occur during war, but few understand the difficulties soldiers face when it is over. What are Savings Bonds? EssayThe world often turns a blind eye to the misfortunes of civilians. The worst cases of this were present in World War Two, with European Jews and to a lesser extent, Asian immigrants in North America. Civilians cannot simply be looked at as bystanders to wars, as they are targeted and can face horrible fates. The chemical attack on civilians of Syria exhibits that civilians are targeted as leverage in conflict. This conflict has the rest of the world contemplating entering an armed conflict. There are alternatives to military strikes Syria though, including those listed in a Yes! Magazine article. These are the alternatives listed to prevent a war in Syria: bringing those guilty of atrocities to Justice, calling a UN embargo on arms and movements in Syria, provide humanitarian aid, and force the hand of Russia and China in security (van Gelder). It would definitely take more than one of these alternatives to completely solve the Syrian issues, but it would be beneficial. These lternatives could result in some violence, but they would be much better than a full scale war for the world, especially the Syrian civilians. The horrible effects of war on civilians are a reason why war is detrimental. Conclusion War can help society reach goals including freedom and Justice, and proves successful at initiating medical and technological advances which society can use. Despite its positive outcomes, war has drastically negative psychological and physical effects on soldiers and civilians. The war continues to recur for these people after being scarred by its events. In the past, war has prevented atrocities and worked to achieve goals and unite societies, but there are less disastrous alternatives to armed conflict. War has its benefits, but these benefits are highly outweighed by the negative effects armed conflict has on soldiers and civilians affected by war, directly and indirectly. Armed conflict is neither necessary nor beneficial for society. Implications If armed conflict continues to play a role in society, the world will see disastrous effects. With increasingly horrific weapons being manufactured, the negative effects are being seen on people, and the surrounding environment. As these weapons become more harmful, more environmental and human destruction will be observed throughout the world. The effects of the WWII atomic bombs were seen in the deformities of Japans children and wildlife for generations, and could be seen to be much worse if wars persist. War could potentially destroy civilization as a whole. War will also result in more deaths, and more troubled veterans. Society can donate to funds for veterans, war relief and petition against war. With enough support war could be stopped completely References Hochgesang, Josh, et. al. (1999). The Psychological Effects of the Vietnam War. Retrieved October 13, 2013 from http://www. stanford. du/class/e297c/war_peace/ media/hpsych. html Marshall, Monty G. (2001) Measuring the Societal Impact of War. Retrieved October 14, 2013 from http://www. systemicpeace. org/lPAmgm. pdf Saldin, Robert P. (2011) Strange Bedfellows: War and Minority Rights. Retrieved October 14, 2013 from http://www. worldaffairs]ournal. org/article/strange-bedfellows- war-and-minority-rights Sohn, Emily. (2012) How The Civil War Changed Modern Medi cine. Retrieved November 1, 2013 from http://news. discovery. om/history/us-history/civil-war- modern-medicine-110331 . tm Van Gelder, Sarah. (2013) Syria: Six Alternatives to Military Strike Retrieved October 26,2013 from http://www. yesmagazine. org/peace-]ustice/syria-six-alternatives-to- military-strikes http://lethbridgeherald. com/commentary/opinions/2013/10/vetera ns-deserve-fair- treatment/ Veterans Employment Challenges, Prudential. Retrieved October 23, 2013 from http://www. prudential. com/documents/publicNeteransEmploymentChallenges. pdf Woman and Children Worst. Economist. Retrieved October 15, 2013 from http:// www. economist. com/node/13145799

Understand How to Safeguard Children free essay sample

Understanding how to safeguard the wellbeing of children and young people. 1. Understand the main legislation, guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguarding children and young people. 1. 1In englang and wales the polices and procedures for safeguarding and child protection in a setting for children and young people are a result of legislation passed in parliament including: The children Act 1986 and the children Act 2004 (england and wales) Children Order 1995 (northern ireland) The children act 1986 and children order. The aim of these of acts was to simplify the laws that protect children and young people. They tell carers/people how to work together when child abuse is suspected. Working together to safeguard children (1999) This provides professionals in england and wales guildines to help them work with a child who is at risk of harm. Children act 2004 This act includes Assessment framework for agencies to help them identify childrens needs LSCB (local safeguarding childrens broad) this has the power to make sure that social services, education services, the nhs, the police and any other services work together to help protect vulnerable children Working together to safeguarding children 2006 This updates safeguarding and how agencies should work on thier own and together with other agencies to safeguard and promote the welfare of children. We will write a custom essay sample on Understand How to Safeguard Children or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page Polices and procedures All settings that work with children and young children / people must: A arrangement to work with the LSCB A senior member of staff in charge of safeguarding arrangements An effective risk assesment to make sure that the safeguarding policy works CBR check on all adults who work with children to the age of 18. Contact information for parents or carers for all children under the age of 18. Up to date training for all staff on safeguarding. Policy for protection of children under the age of 18. 1. 2Safeguarding is about much more than just protecting children from direct abuse. People working in a enviroment with children and young people have a wider role to play than simply protecting from neglect and abuse. The staying safe action plan reconises important aspects in the wider view of safguarding these include: †¢Keeping children safe from accidents †¢Crime and bullying †¢Forces marriages †¢Missing children Actively promoting their welfare in a healthy and safe enviroment Child protection is action that is taken to protect children that are suffering or at risk of suffering from significant harm. 1. 3It is important for all persons that are working with or around children follow guidelines, policies and procedures for safeguard the welbeing of children and young people so they are able to identify if a child or young person is in risk of harm or ne ed because of the vulnerbility. The earlier a child at risk is detected the better the outcome. Before employing staff into a childcare setting they should be made aware of all the policie and procedures to give the a clear understanding of all aspects of safeguarding the children in there care these should inculde the following: Health and safety Child protection Outings Visitors to the setting Contact with children Risk assesments should be carried out on the setting requarly to make sure there are no safeguarding risks such as children leaving the setting unnoticed or someone entering the setting that as not been authorised to. There are many requirements for keeping children safe in there setting, all staff should under go training to be made aware so that can recognise signs of abuse and learn the correct way to deal with situations. It is important to make sure there is contact details for all parent/carers of children in the care of the setting. Also a senior member of staff that is trained to the correct level needed to take charge of all safeguarding requirements. All guidelines are set in place to help and improve the level of safeguarding and to make sure that services and agencies work together. 1. The local safeguarding childrens board call serious case reviews when it is belived that a child has died due to abuse or neglect. All the nesserary authoritys will be invovled such as childrens services, police, health and education professionals. When a serious case such a child or young person dieing due to neglect it is important for the local authorties to find the reason why it as happened and chec k that all the correct polices and procedures had taken place in the case and if it comes about that society has failed the causes and reasons for this happening need to be address and dealt with. Each service invovled should reveiw the way they are practicing to see if there is any changes that need to be made to prevent serious cases happening, The LSCB will also require a overveiw report to make inquiries and recommendations to each indulvidual service involved. It is important for any service that is dealing with children to imform and share information with the correct authority if they believe there is a chance they believe there could be a incident that could result in a child suffering abuse or even leading to a child dieing. It is important that the correct information is always shared with the nessercary person and good communication between all the local services invovled in the case and that events of the case and logged accuratley. 2. understanding the importance of working in partnership with other organisations to safeguard children and young people 2. 1It is important to safeguard children and young people as without this protection their future could be negatively affected. Their health and development could be affected as its possible they could withdraw from family and peers which would affect them emotionally and also developmentally fall behind with educational milestones (if school is missed). Children and young people need to be protected from neglect and abuse and have a safe environment in which to grown up in with parents, teachers and any other close adult being approachable and accessible if needed, when/if any problem or concerns were to arise. This is all crucial in a child’s upbringing as the care they receive through their childhood will contribute to the success of the child’s ability to reach their full potential into adulthood. 2. 2It is important to use a centred approach when safeguarding children. As this will give you the first hand opinion and facts from the child including feelings and wishes about their current situation and their future. This will make the organisations response more accurate and appropriate to meet the specific needs of the child or young person. It is important therefore to develop a trusting relationship with the child or young person as this will make it easier to discuss their wishes and concerns, which will give the professionals the opportunity to involve the child or young person where possible in decision making about current intervention if necessary and any future action, as ‘the unknown’ will be a worry to the child so hopefully making them aware step by step will make the process less worrying and give a more accurate result to the problem. 2. 3Partnership working is when all agencies or groups of individauls work together to insure the welfare of a child. Working together in partnership is important as the child or young person needs to be safeguarded in all areas and enviroments, it is also important that each party comunicates to the other to ensure the link of correct information is keep up to date to ensure the safety and protection of the child. The importance of partnership working runs through every aspect of safeguarding from goverment legislation to local working, many different agencies maybe be involved depending on the case some of these would be family, social worker, gp, health vistor and school staff. It is important for any party to inform the correct person if they have concerns about the welfare of any child as early intervention will give the 2. 4Roles and responsibililities of different organisations: Social services: Have statutory responsibilities to provide support to vulnerable children and families in need. This may be after a death or when families are finding everyday life difficult. Most social workers are employed by social services. Health Visitiors: Have a responsibility for the health of babies and young children under five. They provide support and guidance to the parents of young children and carry out assessments of a child’s development. General Practitioners (GP): GPs work in the community and are the gaetway to other health services. GPs are often the first people to identify possible abuse when a child attends surgery. Probation Services: Help and support people convicted of some offences to be rehabilitated into the community. They have a key role in monitoring the people convicted of offences against children and should ensure they do not pose a threat to local children. Police: The police are involved in criminal proceedings that may result from safeguarding issues. Child Psychology Services: These will often be needed to support children who have experienced abuse or harm. As all children should be in education or training between the ages of 5 and 18, schools and training organisations are also key to identifying and supporting children that are in need of help. All members of staff should be well trained in safeguarding and child protection. 3 Understand the importance of ensuring children and young people’s safety and protection in the work place . 1 As it can be difficult for many parents to leave their child, it is important that they are confident their child is in a safe environment with people who can be trusted and will see to their Childs needs and help them with their developments. It is also important that a child is made to feel safe and comfortable in a environment or setting in order for them to develop. A child needs to feel happy an d confident in the hands of their carers. 3. 2 Working in and open environment is one way of protecting children and young people as well as the adult caring for them. For example, a nursery that is open plan ensures that at no point will a adult and child be totally alone together. By talking and listening to a child you can learn a lot and May sometimes hear things that give you a reason to be concerned. Avoid agreeing to share a secret with a child when a safeguarding issue is involved. Any concerns over a child’s welfare must be reported and made a record of. When you are involved in the care of children or young people, you are in a position of trust. You have the authority over the children or a young person which gives you responsibility. All people in this position must have enhanced CRB checks. The position you are in tends to be respected and looked up to by many children and young people. Therefore, your own behaviour must be thought about carefully as you are setting an example to these people. Young children need physical contact but too much can quite easily be misunderstood. After a fall, a child may need that cuddle and reassurance to get them up and playing again but if viewed in the wrong way a job and reputation could be at stake. Performing intimate personal care for a child are part of everyday needs but they should never be performed in a room with the door closed or out of sight of other members of staff. This protects the child as well as yourself. Be taking photos or making video recordings can be a great way to let parents see the progression of their child but there are certain rules to followed to ensure the safety of the child -Photos and videos should only be made available to the parents and carers. -Consent forms should be signed and returned -Policies on parents taking photos should be checked . 3 If I feel a colleague is not following the correct safeguarding procedure or the I feel they are harming, abusing or bullying a child or young person in the setting I should immediately speak to my manager and ‘blow the whistle’ as the child at risk is the most important person. If there is any reason I cannot speak to my manager then the other options I have are: Contacting the local soci al services emergency desk Contacting the countries inspectorate Whistle blowing does take some courage as there is the fear of being harassed, bullied or even losing your job as a result. If you lose your job over this matter the UK Public Interest Disclosure Act (1998) offer legal protection. 3. 4 By fully understanding you’re setting policies and procedures at all times will ensure that you can protect yourself from accusations and suspicions. If at any time you are ever in doubt, you should check with your manager who will guide you. 4. Understand how to respond to evidence or concerns that a child or young person has been abused or harmed. 4. 1 There are many different types of abuse such as physical, emotional and sexual abuse also a child being neglected. Signs of physical abuse can be a child having fear of physical contact, flinching when being approached or touched, unexplained recurrent injuries or burns. Physical abuse can also make a child angry and aggresses to themselves and others. Many signs of physical abuse can be confused with every day knocks and bumps but are many signs to look for such as pinch marks on the ears, arms and thigh areas and burn marks. Signs of emotional abuse can be a child with low self-esteem that experiences fear with a new situation, delayed development and a child that is withdrawn and aggressive. Emotional abuse is when a child doesn’t receive love and attention and is put down by carer/parent so makes a child feel they are not good enough with can result in sudden behaviour changes. A child that is being neglected can fail to thrive as they may not be receiving the best care such as proper food, shelter or general care and protection. Coman signs of neglect are poor personal hygiene, a child be constantly drowsy or tired and looking under nourished and thin. A child or young person that is being sexual abuse will have a lack of trust or fear towards someone that know they may be scared or nervous around certain company. They may have a level of sexual knowledge that is not age appropriate. They may also be withdrawn and like to spend time alone rather than socialise with their peers. A physical sign can be continuous medical problems of itching soreness to their genital area. 4. 2 If a child or young person makes an allegation of abuse or harm you should try to have a witness if possible and if it’s ok with the child for someone else to listen. It is important to listen carefully and try not to display that you are shocked or horrified from what your hearing, you should let the child speak and try not o ask direct or leading questions as this could encourage the child to give false information. You should also praise the child and let them know it is the right thing to do and telling someone was right and the main point is to never promise to keep it a secret as this could cause the child further stress and trust issues. Once the child has told you the full story it should be passed over to t he correct person for further investigation. 4. 3 children and young people have the right to receive the best possible help they need to help express themselves fully and it should be explained to them what will happen next. They also have the right and decision not to undergo repeated examinations and questioning about there allegation. Although in some cases it is family members that the allegations are aim at they still have the right to be informed of what’s been said and have a say in the situation. The child has a right to be keep informed about any decisions that may affect there further and the concerns and views should be listen to. 5. Understand how to respond to evidence or concerns that a child or young person has been bullied 5. There are many different types of bully such as physical where a child may be involved in being kicked punched with violent threats this may make a child withdrawn and nervous and generally upset. Not all bulling involves being physically hurt it can be just as distressing for a child to be verbally bullied where they would experience name calling, insults and persistent teasing this can give a child low self-esteem and make them feel worthless and not good en ough. Bullying can also happen and not be received face to face and done though social networking sites and mobile phone. All these types of bullying can leave a child or young person feeling isolated with no one to talk to, in some extreme cases it can lead to depression and even attempted suicide. Bullying can also affect a child education as they may not be able to concentrate and have time of school due to being scared and worried of their bully 5. 2 If there are concerns of bullying in a setting between peers it should be dealt with effinctely to prevent the child or young person being bullied from further pain or distress, all the neseccery people should be involved such as staff members and the parents and family of both the children. All settings should have a anti bullying polices in place to prevent and help cases of bullying. All allegations of bullying should be recorded so it can be picked up if the is a recurrent problem involving the same individuals. The department for education is clear the no form of bullying should be tolerated and all allegations should be taken seriously. Bullying it not a healthy and normal part of growing up. 5. It take a child a lot of courage to confide in someone about being bullied so it is important to let them know that there allegation will be taken seriously and reassure them and their family that the information given will be handed to the right person authority and dealt with in the best possible way. Parents of children being bullied and children that are bullying others also struggle to come to terms with the news and need you full support and help to deal with the situation. You can also give the child details of websites and support line that will offer someone to talk to and extra support for them. 6. Understanding how to work with children and young people to support their safety and wellbeing. 6. 1 It is important for a child to be confidant and have high self-esteem in order for them to thieve and develop ways to boost child self-esteem is to give them lots of praise and encouragement to make them independent with opportunities and choices. Encouraging cooperation, respect and tolerance between children and setting them a positive example to follow and learn from. Teaching children to be assertive having their own needs meet but still respecting other feeling and need. 6. 2 It is important to support resilience in children and young people has it helps them deal with life’s ups and downs. It helps them deal with stressful situations and to cope with change and uncertainty. The more resilience a child or young person has the better they will deal with life as they grow and develop into adulthood. There are many factors that can positively affect Childs resilience: †¢Secure early attachments †¢Confidence of being loved by family and friends †¢Good sense of self identity †¢Confidence to try new things Children that do not tick all the factors may need more help to improve their resilience and boost their self-esteem. 6. 3 children and young people need to have strategy to protect them so they are able to access risks and enable them to make decisions about their own safety. There are many ways children can be supported to keep themselves safe. It is important that they are taught about dangers; such as using outdoor equipment that may have higher risks of danger and the dangers involved in substances. I feel it is also important that a child is made aware that not all adults are safe to approach and should be taught to beware of strangers. A child should never have to feel scared or uncomfortable about someone they are with or something being done to them. 6. everyone working with children needs to support them to help them keep safe and help to support their own well being this can be achieved by helping them to understand boundaries by reinforcing issues when they arise in a positive manner such as taking turns, no pushing, being patient, understanding some children take more time than others to complete tasks, everyone has their own individual ways of completing tasks, letting them resolve their own conflicts when possible. Promote positive relations hips whether child to child, child to adult, adult to adult or adult to child. Let them lead their own activity without guided instructions to let them see what needs to be done and how they can achieve this. We all learn by taking risks so when a child wants to take a risk, be there to help them and support them, whether it be physically (e. g. Supporting them whilst they go down a climbing frame backwards by being there ready to catch them if needed or adjust their positioning of arms or legs ect,) or verbally (encourage them that they can do it and offer them support in doing what they would like to achieve). Never let a child take a risk that could cause significant harm to themselves or others.

Free Essays on Psychosomatics

The word " psychosomatics " is new. It was first used in German medical literature in 1922 but it didn't come to America until the 1930's. Phychosomatics is a term that studies emotions and bodily change. Huang Ti, from China, observed that frustration can make people physically ill. Many people have believed that the body could not be cured without the mind, while others still overlook phychosomatic principles despite the growing evidence that links emotions to physical illness. Studies have shown, and analyzed human behavior and by knowing the function of cells and tissues it helps in maintaining health. Phychosomatics is an approach of reforming medicine and this suggests new treatment in medicine, psychiatry, and psychology. Many psychosomatic conditions arrive under fear or anxiety. When you have a strong emotional reaction hormones are secreted and bodily chemistry is altered, when this reaction is strong a physical reaction will be equally the same. Emotions alter endocrine balance, blood supply, and pressure, inhibit digestion, and change breathing patterns, along with the temperature of the skin, a constant state of emotional imbalance may lead to a disease because of the over reaction of hormones. The body tries to be in a constant state of equilibrium, it has to maintain a balance of not to much nor too little, so if a factor upsets this the body adapts by altering its chemistry. This damages the rest of the organism causing a disease of adaptation. All illness has emotional components, except for inherited conditions such as sickle cell and disease caused by the environment such as food poisoning, though even with these diseases the emotional state often determines the course of the illness. Symptoms arrive through the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and when phychosomatic disorders are individually examined ANS is found in each of them. Examples of ANS are in the sweat glands, which are enervated only by the sy... Free Essays on Psychosomatics Free Essays on Psychosomatics The word " psychosomatics " is new. It was first used in German medical literature in 1922 but it didn't come to America until the 1930's. Phychosomatics is a term that studies emotions and bodily change. Huang Ti, from China, observed that frustration can make people physically ill. Many people have believed that the body could not be cured without the mind, while others still overlook phychosomatic principles despite the growing evidence that links emotions to physical illness. Studies have shown, and analyzed human behavior and by knowing the function of cells and tissues it helps in maintaining health. Phychosomatics is an approach of reforming medicine and this suggests new treatment in medicine, psychiatry, and psychology. Many psychosomatic conditions arrive under fear or anxiety. When you have a strong emotional reaction hormones are secreted and bodily chemistry is altered, when this reaction is strong a physical reaction will be equally the same. Emotions alter endocrine balance, blood supply, and pressure, inhibit digestion, and change breathing patterns, along with the temperature of the skin, a constant state of emotional imbalance may lead to a disease because of the over reaction of hormones. The body tries to be in a constant state of equilibrium, it has to maintain a balance of not to much nor too little, so if a factor upsets this the body adapts by altering its chemistry. This damages the rest of the organism causing a disease of adaptation. All illness has emotional components, except for inherited conditions such as sickle cell and disease caused by the environment such as food poisoning, though even with these diseases the emotional state often determines the course of the illness. Symptoms arrive through the autonomic nervous system (ANS) and when phychosomatic disorders are individually examined ANS is found in each of them. Examples of ANS are in the sweat glands, which are enervated only by the sy...

High altitude Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

High altitude - Essay Example The results, as illustrated in figure 1 and 2, showed that there are changes in the cardiovascular system after exercise. There is increased value in both the systolic and diastolic blood pressure and heart rate. The result regarding the blood pressure is consistent with other researches (Kelley & Kelley, 2000) which indicated that there is a progressive increase both the systolic and diastolic pressure. The result regarding heart rate is also consistent with several studies (Arroll & Beaglehole, 1992) which indicated that there should be an increase in the heart rate after exercise. These changes in the cardiovascular system can be associated with the increase in the release of adrenaline after exercise which can cause an increase in the heart rate and blood pressure (Van Hoof et al, 1989). Figure 1. Systolic and diastolic blood pressure at rest and after exercise. (x-axis: subject; y-axis: blood pressure) Figure 2. Heart rate measured in beats per minute at rest and after exercise (x-axis: subject; y-axis: bpm) Also, results showed that there are major changes in the respiratory system after exercise. One observation is that there is an increased value in the respiratory rate (Figure 3). This is consistent with other studies which also showed an increase in the respiratory rate (Posner et al, 1992). ... The decrease in the gas volume can be attributed to the fact that the muscle of for breathing do not work maximally. It is because during exercise, the priority for the supply of oxygen is given to the muscles at work (gastrocnemius, bicep femoris etc). And lastly, regarding the gas composition, it was observed that there is an increase in CO2 while a decrease in O2 after exercise (Figure 5). The increase in CO2 and decrease in O2 is obvious because after exercise because there is a lot of work done. This work utilized more O2 and produces more CO2 through aerobic metabolism (Posner et al, 1992). Figure 3. Respiratory rate measured in breaths per minute at rest and after exercise (x-axis: subject; y-axis: number of breaths per minute) Figure 4. Gas volume measured in liters per minute at rest and after exercise (x-axis: subject; y-axis: liters of gas per minute) Figure 5. Gas composition of O2 and CO2 at rest and after exercise (x-axis: subject; y-axis: percent composition of gas) Al though not observed in the results, there are also some changes in the nervous system after exercise. Physical activity can actually improve cognitive function (Hertzog et al, 2008). Moreover, exercise can also promote protection against neurodegenerative diseases like dementia (Clement et al, 2005). And lastly, exercise can also enhance the release of nerve growth factors, which help the process of neurogenesis (McAuley, 2004). In the report, it is also stated that the students from the football team will go to La Paz, Bolivia for a series of matches during the break. It should be considered that La Paz, Bolivia is located in a high altitude and this might imply some changes in the physiological activity of the body which should be anticipated. It should be noted

Steve Jobs leadership and management Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

Steve Jobs leadership and management - Essay Example The success of businesses in the global market is strongly depended on their ability to identify the needs of customers and to develop product/ services that best respond to these needs. This fact is reflected in the strategies of firms, which own an important share of their industry; these firms tend to prioritize their targets in order to ensure that risks are minimizing. In all cases it has been proved that the ability of firms to develop competitive plans is related to their leaders. Of course, managers are highly involved in such initiatives but it is mainly the leader of each firm who sets the rules on which organizational strategies will be based – taking into consideration the mission of the organization but also the market’s pressures and the resources available. On the other hand, there are leaders who can perform higher compared to their counterparts in most organizations internationally. These leaders are known as charismatic leaders and can respond to organ izational issues and challenges requiring either leadership or managerial skills. Steve Jobs is one of these leaders. Four resources of different characteristics have been employed in this paper in order to explain the leadership skills of Steve Jobs not just regarding his work in Apple but also regarding his contribution in the development of leadership, as a factor influencing the performance of organizations operating in all industries. The article of Conaty and Charan, published in 2011, explains analytically the characteristics of leadership style of Steve Jobs. On the other hand, a report published by the Stanford News referring to Steve Job’s Commencement Address in 2005 has been considered as valuable including Steve Job’s personal views on the facts, which most influenced his leadership style. A recent financial statement of Apple has been also used in order to indicate the firm’s performance, under the influence of Steve Job’s leadership style. Finally, the article of Thoma published in 2010 in regard to the leadership style of Steve Jobs has been included in th e resources of this paper as it emphasizes on the management skills of Steve Jobs, an issue which should be also discussed when evaluating the involvement of Steve Jobs in organizational issues which are normally handled by leaders but also in those which are likely to be handled by managers. The leadership style of Steve Jobs can be characterized as unique even if it can be partially related to existing leadership theories. The key advantage of Steve Jobs compared to the leaders of most organizations seems to be the following one: Steve Jobs can ‘identify the product that appeals to the customers and act decisively’ (Conaty and Charan, online article). The specific fact is reflected in the following tale – referring to Steve Jobs’ first participation in the board meeting of Apple. It is noted that after entering the room, Steve Jobs focused on the company’s products, which were set on display and ‘began taking them down, one at a time; when h e was done, only four were left’ (Conaty and Charan, online article). He explained that only these products, among the firm’s products, could help the firm to develop a competitive advantage towards its rivals. The above tale reflects the approach of Jobs in highlighting the products on which Apple should invest for